World Religions

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World Religions:

Islam

CONTENTS
Introduction Finding Materials in Western Libraries General Reference & Overview Sources Biographical Information History & Primary Sources Religious Literature & Texts	Liturgy & Music Major Islamic Sects Special Topics Finding Journal Articles Finding Videos Internet Resources

Introduction

About Islam

Islam, one of the world’s major religions, is a monotheistic faith. It is based on five central tenets, which are known as the 5 Pillars of Islam:

Faith (Shahada) Expressed through the fundamental statement of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His prophet.”

Prayer (Salat) Praying 5 times a day in a prescribed manner

Charity (Zakat) All things belong to God, and wealth is therefore held by human beings in trust.

Fasting (Sawm) Fasting is especially observed during the holy month of Ramadan.

The Pilgrimage to Mecca (The Hajj)

The holy book of Islam is the Qur’an (also Quran, Koran, Alcoran). Muslims believe that the Qur’an is the word of Allah, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over a 22 year period. The Qur’an consists of 114 suras, or chapters. The suras were recorded by the followers of Muhammad before he died.

The Islamic Calendar is based on the cycles of the moon. There are twelve lunar months of 29 or 30 days each. This is in contrast to the Gregorian (Western) calendar which is based on the cycles of the sun. The first year of the Muslim era dates from the Hijra, the emigration of the Prophet Mohammad to Medina. According to the Muslim calendar the Hijra dates to Anno Hegeirae, or AH 1. The Gregorian calendar dates this event to 622 CE. A more recent example is the year 2004 in the Gregorian calendar is the Islamic year of 1425. For additional information, see section below on Special Topics: Islamic Calendar.

About this Research Guide

This research guide is an introduction to resources, available through Western Libraries, on Islam. It is by no means a comprehensive list, but rather a tool to begin further inquiry and research. We are continually adding materials to the library collection, so the newest additions may not be represented in this guide, although we will make every effort to keep this up to date.
The guide points to reference sources and important works on Islam. Included are resources from the print, video and microform collections, as well as selected web sites. You will find information about searching the online catalog to locate further resources and using indexes and databases to locate journal articles.
Annotated citations are provided for selected reference sources, audio/visual materials, and web resources. For each source, the library call number is listed after the basic citation information. Check the Western Libraries Online Catalog for the location and availability of materials in this research guide.
To locate further materials, use the suggested Subject Headings in the Western Libraries Online Catalog. In addition to searching our collection here at Western, it is recommended that you search these terms in Summit to locate and borrow resources from other academic libraries in Washington and Oregon through interlibrary loan. In addition to the Subject Headings listed below, we recommend that you also use the Keyword search option with these and related terms.

Finding Materials in Western Libraries

Our library uses the Library of Congress Classification system to assign call numbers to books, periodicals, videos and other materials. This system uses letters and numbers to sort materials into subject areas.
Materials that fall under the broad category Religion, Theology are located in the call number range BL - BX.

BL - Religions, Mythology, Rationalism, Hinduism
BM - Judaism
BP - Islam, Bahai Faith
BQ - Buddhism
BR - Christianity
BS - Bible and exegesis
BT - Doctrinal Theology
BV - Practical Theology
BX - Christian Denominations

Religious topics from varying perspectives, for example, politics, education or science, may be shelved in call number ranges for those disciplines.

Library of Congress Subject Headings
Here are some suggested Library of Congress subject headings to use when searching the Western Libraries Online Catalog:

Use Islam as the main Subject Heading.

Subject Headings may be subdivided geographically or chronologically.
For example: Islam - Africa, Islam - 20th Century

Some more subheading examples: Examples of related Subject Headings:

Islam and art
Islam and literature
Islam and politics
Islam and state
Islam - Asia
Islam, Christianity and other religions
Islam - essence, genius, nature
Islam doctrines
Islam - relations - Christianity

Arabs and Islam
Caliphate
Civilization, Islamic
Communism and Islam
Dervishes
Imamate
Islamic countries
Islamic empire
Islamic fundamentalism
Islamic influences

Islamic law
Islamic renewal
Jerusalem in Islam
Jihad
Koran
Middle East
Muslim saints
Muslims
Prophets, pre-Islamic
Slavery and Islam

For other subject headings to use in searching for materials that focus on religion in general, see also the World Religions Research Guide.

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General Reference & Overview Sources

Atlases | Bibliographies | Dictionaries & Encyclopedias | Handbooks, Research Guides & General Works

For more reference works, see also the World Religions Research Guide.
Atlases

Library of Congress subject heading: Islamic countries - civilization - maps.
Related subjects and keywords: civilization, Islamic - maps, Islamic countries - historical geography - maps.
Al-Faruqi, Isma'il R. and Lois Lamy¯a' al F¯ar¯uq¯i. Cultural atlas of Islam. New York : Macmillan, 1986.
Reference DS36.85 .A39 1986
Maps and text cover history, geography, language, theology, culture, philosophy, art. Many illustrations and some bibliographies.
Brice, William C., ed. An Historical atlas of Islam. Leiden : Brill, 1981.
Reference G1786.S1 H6 1981
Carroll, Bret E. The Routledge historical atlas of religion in America. New York : Routledge, 2000.
Reference G1201.E4 C3 2000
Earle, Jonathan. The Routledge atlas of African American history. New York : Routledge, 2000.
Reference E185 .E125 2000
Kennedy, Hugh, ed. An Historical atlas of Islam = Atlas historique de l'Islam. 2nd rev. ed. Leiden : Brill, 2002.
Reference G1786.S1 H6 2002
Robinson, Francis. Atlas of the Islamic World since 1500. New York : Facts On File, 1982.
Reference DS35.6 .R6 1982
Well-illustrated survey of history and religious and social life. Includes a long bibliographic essay.
United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Islam in Africa [Washington, D.C.? : Central Intelligence Agency, 1987].
Arntzen 101A - Map Lib
United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Muslim distribution : [Islamic countries]. [Washington, D.C.? : Central Intelligence Agency, 1995].
Arntzen 101A - Map Library
Shows Sunni and Shia sect regions.
Web Sites
Maps of the Muslim World
http://www.uga.edu/islam/countries.html#Maps
Alan Godlas presents a collection of Internet resources that feature maps of Islamic countries. Godlas includes country studies of Muslim areas in South and Central Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. The maps are from government, university, and personal collections.
Maps Relating to Islam's Historical Development
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/%7Ers143/map.html
Presents a collection of maps that related to the historical development of Islam. Contains maps showing the periods from 661 through the 17th century. Offers access to maps from W. C. Brice's "An Historical Atlas of Islam."
Middle East Maps
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east.html
This University of Texas Web site offers many maps of states, cities, and political boundaries in the area.
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Bibliographies

Ede, David, et al. Guide to Islam. Boston : G. K. Hall, 1983.
Reference BP161.2 .G8 1983
Lists significant books and articles in English to 1976 on Islamic religion and civilization.
Grimwood-Jones, Diana, Derek Hopwood and J. D. Pearson, eds. Arab-Islamic bibliography : the Middle East Library Committee guide: based on Giuseppe Gabrieli's Manuale di bibliografia musulmana. Hassocks, England : Harvester, 1977.
Reference DS36.7 .A72
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck, John Obert Voll, and John L. Esposito. The contemporary Islamic revival : a critical survey and bibliography. New York: Greenwood, 1991.
Reference BP60 .H33 1991
Schrijver, Paul, ed. Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa. Leiden, The Netherlands: African Studies Centre, 2006.
Full-text available: http://afrika-studiecentrum.nl/Pdf/rr82.pdf
This bibliography lists over 4,000 references to secondary literature in European languages about Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa. All items listed deal with the contemporary period, i.e. the period after independence from around 1960 to 2005. All African countries are covered in this book with the exception of those bordering the Mediterranean. Items are numbered sequentially and arranged geographically according to the broad regions of Africa. There is a preliminary general section for entries whose scope extends beyond a single region or country. Within the wide geographical regions of West, West Central, Northeast, East Africa, Southern Africa and the Indian Ocean islands, entries are arranged by country, and alphabetically according to author within each country. The part on Sub-Saharan Africa is supplemented with two brief sections dealing with the Arab world and the West. Entries covering two or more countries appear only once under the relevant regional heading or in the general section. To facilitate its use, an index of authors’ names concludes this work.

Index Islamicus, 1665-1905 : a bibliography of articles on Islamic subjects in periodicals and other collective publications. Comp. W. H. Behn. Millersville, PA : Adiyok, 1989.
Reference BP161.2 .I554
Comprehensive bibliography of articles published in western languages.
Index Islamicus, 1906-1955; a catalogue of articles on Islamic subjects in periodicals and other collective publications. University of London. School of Oriental and African Studies. Library. Comp. J. D. Pearson. Cambridge : W. Heffer, 1958.
Reference BP161.2 .I555
Comprehensive bibliography of articles published in western languages.
Index Islamicus. London : Mansell, 1983-.
Reference BP161.2 .I556 1976/80 pt.1-2 and BP161.2 .I556 1981-85 v.1-2
Comprehensive bibliography of articles published in western languages.
Index Islamicus. Supplement. London : Mansell.
Reference BP161.2 .I557 1956-60 - 1974-75
Issued as a supplement to: University of London. School of Oriental and African Studies. Library. Index Islamicus, 1906-1955.
Islam in sub-Saharan Africa : a partially annotated guide. Comp. Samir M. Zoghby, African Section. Washington : Library of Congress, 1978.
Reference BP64.A1 Z6
A bibliography on Islamic religion in Africa south of the Sahara, arranged chronologically and geographically. Through 1974.
Wismer, Donald. The Islamic Jesus : an annotated bibliography of sources in English and French. New York : Garland, 1977.
Reference BP172 .W5
Lists works about the Islamic "Prophet Isa", with annotations and lengthy quotations from the sources.
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Dictionaries and Encyclopedias

Adamec, Ludwig W. Historical dictionary of Islam. Lanham, MD : Scarecrow, 2001.
Reference BP50 .A33 2001
Andrea, Alfred J. Encyclopedia of the crusades. Westport, CT : Greenwood, 2003.
Reference D155 .A6 2003
Carr , Brian and Indira Mahalingam, eds. Companion encyclopedia of Asian philosophy. London : Routledge, 1997.
Reference B121 .C66 1997
Encyclopaedia of Islam. new ed. Leiden : Brill, 1960-[i.e. 1954]-<1980 >
Reference DS37 .E523 v.1-11, Suppl. 1-8
Encyclopaedia of Islam : Index of subjects. Comp. P. J. Bearman. Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1993-.
Reference DS37 .E5232 v. I-XI
The encyclopaedia of Islam : Index of proper names. Comp. E. van Donzel. Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1993-.
Reference DS37 .E5233 v. I-X
The encyclopaedia of Islam, new edition. Leiden : Brill, 2000.
Reference DS37 .E5234 v. -IX
A comprehensive work on Islam. Includes glossary and index of terms. See also Encyclopaedia of Islam Online. For a description, see the entry at the end of this section under Web Sites.
Esposito, John L., ed. The Oxford encyclopedia of the modern Islamic world. New York : Oxford U P, 1995.
Reference DS35.53 .O95 1995 v.1-4
Esposito, John L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of Islam. New York : Oxford U P, 2003.
Reference BP40 .O95 2003
Esposito, John L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of Islam. New York : Oxford U P, 2003.
Online
Part of the Oxford Reference Online core. "Designed for readers with little or no knowledge of Islam, the Oxford Dictionary of Islam provides [2,500] vividly-written, up-to-date, and authoritative entries. The Dictionary focuses primarily on the 19th and 20th centuries, providing a highly informative look at the religious, political, and social spheres of the modern Islamic world."
Fabella, Virginia and R. S.. Sugirtharajah, eds. Dictionary of third world theologies. Maryknoll, NY : Orbis, 2000.
Reference BR95 .D486 2000
Glassé, Cyril. The concise encyclopedia of Islam. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1991.
Reference BP40 .G42 1991
Praised by Islamic scholars, this very contemporary work includes, brief essays, maps, genealogical tables, a chronology, and a brief bibliography.
Martin, Richard C., ed. Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world. New York : Macmillan Reference USA, 2003.
Reference BP40 .E525 2003 v. 1-2
Mawsilil¯i, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Lanham, MD : Scarecrow, 1999.
Reference BP60 .M36 1999
Mir, Mustansir. Dictionary of Qur'¯anic terms and concepts. New York : Garland, 1987.
Reference BP133 .M57 1987
Terms listed in English and Arabic and briefly defined, with references to the Qur'an.
Netton, Ian Richard. A popular dictionary of Islam. Atlantic Highlands, NJ : Humanities Press International, 1992.
Reference BP40 .N48 1992
Schultz, Jeffrey D., John G. West, Jr. and Iain MacLean, eds. Encyclopedia of religion in American politics. Phoenix : Oryx, 1999.
Reference BL2525 .E52 1999
Singh, N. K. and A. M. Khan, eds. Encyclopaedia of the world Muslims : tribes, castes and communities. Delhi, India : Global Vision, 2001.
Reference BP173.25 .E53 2001 v. 1-4
Web Sites
Encyclopaedia of Islam Online
"The Encyclopaedia of Islam sets out the present state of our knowledge of the Islamic World from religion and history to politics and culture. It embraces articles on distinguished Muslims of every age and land, on tribes and dynasties, on the crafts and sciences, on political and religious institutions, on the geography, ethnography, flora and fauna of the various countries and on the history, topography and monuments of the major towns and cities. Its geographical and historical scope encompasses the old Arabo-Islamic empire, the Islamic countries of Iran, Central Asia, the Indian sub-continent and Indonesia, the Ottoman Empire and all modern Islamic states." Also includes the third edition, which "devote[s] full attention to such areas as South and Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and indeed the Muslim presence in wider areas of the world."
Glossary of Islamic Terms and Concepts
http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/reference/glossary.html
Features a glossary of Islamic terms, compiled by the Muslim Students Association at the University of Southern California (USC). Allows users to access terms under a specific letter of the alphabet. Offers access to other Web sites related to Islam and to the USC Muslim Students Association Islamic Server. Highlights terms such as hadith, hanif, lunar calendar, mina, nasab, Qur'an, sahabah, and sirah, among others.
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Handbooks, Research Guides & General Works

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The new Islamic dynasties : a chronological and genealogical manual. Enl. and updated ed. New York : Columbia U P, 1996.
Reference DS35.627 .B67 1996
Congressional Quarterly, Inc. The Middle East. 9th ed. Washington, D.C. : CQ Press, 2000.
Reference DS63.1 .M484 2000
Esposito, John L. What everyone needs to know about Islam. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2002.
BP163 .E85 2002
Karabell, Zachary. Peace be upon you : the story of Muslim, Christian, and Jewish coexistence. New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2007.
BL410 .K37 2007
Koszegi, Michael A. and J. Gordon Melton, eds. Islam in North America : a sourcebook. New York : Garland, 1992.
Reference BP67.A1 I82 1992
Nanji, Azim A., ed. The Muslim almanac : a reference work on the history, faith, culture, and peoples of Islam. Detroit, MI : Gale Research, 1996.
BP40 .M83 1996
Neusner, Jacob, Tamara Sonn, and Jonathan E. Brockopp, eds. Judaism and Islam in practice : a sourcebook. London : Routledge, 2000.
Reference BP173.J8 J83 2000
United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific. Islam in Asia : hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, second session, July 14, 2004 Washington : U.S. G.P.O. , 2004
Gov Information Y 4.IN 8/16:IS 4/2
Online
Weekes, Richard V., ed. Muslim peoples : a world ethnographic survey. 2nd ed., rev. and expanded Westport, CT : Greenwood P, 1984.
Reference DS35.625.A1 M87 1984 v.1-2
Short descriptive articles, including bibliographies, on Muslim ethnic groups.
Web Sites
Al Jazeera
http://english.aljazeera.net/HomePage
This, the most prominent and arguably the best known of Arab news sources, is also perhaps the most controversial Web site on our list. The news here is distinctly aimed at the Arab street. It has both outraged and informed those from other backgrounds.
Arab Culture & Civilization (National Institute for Technology and Liberal Education)
http://arabworld.nitle.org/main_menu.php
"This website represents a collaborative effort between many scholars, technologists, and institutions. It is intended to serve as a resource for all who would develop a better understanding of the Arab world. While our principal audience is the students, faculty, staff and alumni of the liberal arts colleges served by NITLE, the site is open to all visitors. The materials comprising the site are organized thematically into a set of ten modules, each of which contains a variety of original texts, video clips and audio files from online and print sources."
The Arab World: Your Web Guide to Everything Arab
http://cecilmarie.web.prw.net/arabworld/
A metasite with a vast collection of links to many different categories, including the arts and humanities, architecture, history, language, religion, and many other aspects of Arab culture.
Internet Islamic History Sourcebook
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/islam/islamsbook.html
Provides links to online collections of texts on the history of Islam, Islamic civilization, and Islamic countries.
The Internet Sacred Text Archive
http://www.sacred-texts.com/index.htm
A nonprofit archive of electronic texts on religion, mythology, folklore, the occult, and esoteric topics, whose purpose is to promote religious tolerance and scholarship. Provides a bibliography of searchable scanned texts, both primary and secondary. Includes over 50 topical links in the main categories of World Religions, Traditions and Mysteries.
Introduction to Islam
http://www.mideasti.org/indepth/islam/introislam.htm
Features the full text of the book Introduction to Islam, written by M. Cherif Bassiouini and published online by The Middle East Institute in Washington, D.C. The author is an expert on Islamic and criminal law. The site provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of Islam. Topics include the rise and spread of Islam, basic tenets and teachings, social and legal systems, and arts and culture. Easy to navigate and enhanced by color photographs and quotes from the Qur'an, this site is highly recommended for all levels of users.
Introduction to the Arab World
http://www.middleeastnews.com/intoarab101.html
This site is maintained by Middle East News and World Report. A good comprehensive introduction to both general Arab history as well as the history and nature of various institutions and disciplines.
Islamic Studies: Islam, Arabic and Religion
http://www.uga.edu/islam/
Provides access to resources available on the Internet which are either primary-source material from Islamic web sites that highlight the religion's own viewpoints or scholarly research on a variety of Islamic subjects. Includes several articles on [doctrines and sects of Islam, as well as] terrorism, 9/11, the Taliban, Bin Laden, and the Iraq crisis.
Islamweb: Islamic Studies Internet Guide
http://www.unc.edu/depts/islamweb/index.html
From the Carolina-Duke-Emory Institute for the Study of Islam. Presents lists and evaluations of Internet sources relating to Islam, organized by subject. Aims at serving the needs of college and university faculty members and students and those who want to know more about Islamic religious tradition.

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Biographical Information

Reference & Overview Sources | Muhammad | Pilgrims, Mystics & Saints | Religious & Political Leaders & Philosophers

Library of Congress subject heading: Muslims.
Related subjects and keywords: scholars - Muslim.
Reference & Overview Sources

See also the Biographical Information section of the World Religions Research Guide.
Esposito, John L. and John O. Voll. Makers of contemporary Islam. New York : Oxford U P, 2001.
Reference BP70 .E86 2001
Haeri, Muneera. The Chishtis : a living light. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2000.
BP189.7.C492 H34 2000
McGreal, Ian, ed. Great thinkers of the Eastern world : the major thinkers and the philosophical and religious classics of China, India, Japan, Korea, and the world of Islam. New York : HarperCollins, 1995.
Reference B5005 .G74 1995
Murphy, Claire Rudolf and Betsy Wharton. Daughters of the desert : stories of remarkable women from Christian, Jewish, and Muslim traditions. Woodstock, VT : SkyLight Paths, 2003.
SpecColl-The Western Coll Wharton, B.
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Muhammad

Library of Congress subject heading: Muhammad, Prophet, d. 632.
Related subjects and keywords: Islam - history, Islamic empire - history.
Azzam, Abdel Rahman. The eternal message of Muhammad. Trans. Caesar E. Farah. New York : New American Library, 1965.
BP161.2 .A993 1965
Cook, Michael. Muhammad. Oxford : Oxford U P, 1983.
BP75 .C66 1983
Dermenghem, Emile. Muhammad and the Islamic tradition. Trans. Jean M. Watt. Woodstock, NY : Overlook P, 1981.
BP161.2 .D4713 1981
Gabrieli, Francesco. Muhammad and the conquests of Islam. Trans. Virginia Luling and Rosamund Linell. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1968.
DS236 .G33
Ibn Hish¯am, ‘Abd al-Malik. The life of Muhammad : a translation of Ish¯aq's S¯irat ras¯ul All¯ah Trans. Abd al-Malik ibn Hish¯am. Karachi : Oxford U P, 1978.
BP75 .I25 1978
Ibn Ish¯aq, Muhammad. The making of the last prophet : a reconstruction of the earliest biography of Muhammad. Trans. Gordon Darnell Newby. Columbia : U of South Carolina P, 1989.
BP137 .I2413 1989
Lings, Martin. Muhammad : his life based on the earliest sources. New York : Inner Traditions International, 1983.
BP75 .L56 1983
The Miraculous journey of Mahomet : Mirâj nâmeh. Bibliothèque nationale, Paris (Manuscrit supplément Turn 190). Comm. Marie-Rose Séguy. Trans. Richard Pevear. New York : G. Braziller, 1977.
BP166.57 .M54
M¯usav¯i L¯ar¯i, Mujtabá. The Seal of the Prophets and his message. Trans. Hamid Algar. Potomac, MD : Islamic Education Center, 1989.
BP166.5 .M87 1989
Newby, Gordon Darnell. The making of the last prophet : a reconstruction of the earliest biography of Muhammad. Columbia, SC : U of South Carolina P, 1989.
BP137 .I2413 1989
Peters, F. E. Muhammad and the origins of Islam. Albany : State U of New York P, 1994.
BP75 .P4 1994
Watt, W. Montgomery. Muhammad: prophet and statesman. London : Oxford U P, 1961.
BP75 .W33
Watt, W. Montgomery. Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford : Clarendon P, 1953.
BP75 .W3
Watt, W. Montgomery. Muhammad at Medina. Oxford : Clarendon, 1956.
BP75 .W32
Wessels, Antonie. A modern Arabic biography of Muhammad; a critical study of Muhammad Husayn Haykal's Hay¯at Muhammad. Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1972.
BP75.2.H33 W47

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Pilgrims, Mystics & Saints

Library of Congress subject heading: Muslim saints
Related subjects and keywords: Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages. See also the section below on Sufism.
‘Att¯ar, Far¯id al-D¯in. Muslim Saints and mystics : episodes from the Tadhkirat al-Auliya' ('Memorial of the Saints'). Trans. A. J. Arberry. London : Arkana, 1990.
BP189.4 .F3213 1990
Brownson, John Muhammed Jamil. Hajj studies : a meta-geographic enquiry. [Bellingham, WA], 1981.
LD5778.9 .B8765
Dunn, Ross E. The adventures of Ibn Battuta, a Muslim traveler of the fourteenth century. Berkeley : U of California P, 1986.
G93.I24 D86 1986
Eickelman, Dale F. Moroccan Islam : tradition and society in a pilgrimage center. Austin : U of Texas P, 1976.
BP64.M62 B653
Far¯ah¯an¯i, Muhammad Husayn Husayni. A Shi‘ite pilgrimage to Mecca, (1885-1886) : the Safarnâmeh of Mirzâ Mohammad Hosayn Farâhâni. Ed. and trans. Hafez Farmayan and Elton L. Daniel. Austin : U of Texas P, 1990.
DS49 .F313 1990
Hajj, the pilgrimage. [videorecording] Dir. Shojun Hata. Princeton, NJ : Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2000.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP187.3 .H255 2000
Howard-Johnston, James and Paul Antony Hayward, eds. The cult of saints in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages : essays on the contribution of Peter Brown. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2002.
BT970 .C85 2002
Keddie, Nikki R., ed. Scholars, saints, and Sufis; Muslim religious institutions in the Middle East since 1500. Berkeley : U of California P, 1972.
BP185 .S36
Long, David Edwin. The Hajj today : a survey of the contemporary Makkah pilgrimage. Albany : State U of New York P, 1979.
BP187.3 .L66
Massignon, Louis. The passion of al-Hall¯aj : mystic and martyr of Islam. Trans. Herbert Mason. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1982.
BP80.H27 M3713 1982 v.1-4
Naqar, ‘Umar ‘Abd al-Razz¯aq. The pilgrimage tradition in West Africa; an historical study with special reference to the nineteenth century. Khartoum : Khartoum U P, 1972.
BP64.A4 W363
Prophets in the Qur'an : an introduction to the Qur'an and Muslim exegesis. Trans. Brannon M. Wheeler. London : Continuum, 2002.
BP134.P745 W48 2002
Rumi: the wings of love. [videorecording] Dir. Shems Friedlander. New York : Parabola Video, c2002, c2001.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP189.7.M42 R85 2002
Wilson, Stephen, ed. Saints and their cults : studies in religious sociology, folklore, and history. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1983.
BX4655.2 .S23 1983

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Religious & Political Leaders & Philosophers

Library of Congress subject headings and keywords: Muslim philosophers, Muslim saints, prophets, religious biography, religious leaders.
See also the section below on Special Topics: Women in Islam.
Avicenna. Avicenna on theology. Arthur J. Arberry. Westport, CT : Hyperion, 1979.
BP166 .A92 1979
Badawi, Muhammad Zaki. The reformers of Egypt. London : Croom Helm, 1978.
BP64.E3 M84 1978
Bodansky, Yossef. Bin Laden : the man who declared war on America. Rocklin, CA : Forum, 1999.
HV6430.B55 B63 1999
Chirri, Mohamad Jawad. The brother of the prophet Mohammad (the Imam Ali) : a reconstruction of Islamic history and an extensive research of the Shi-ite Islamic school of thought. Detroit, MI : Islamic Center of Detroit, 1979-.
BP193.1.A3 C46 v.1
Esposito, John L. and John O. Voll. Makers of contemporary Islam. New York : Oxford U P, 2001.
BP70 .E86 2001
Hitti, Philip Khuri. Makers of Arab history. New York, St. Martin's, 1968.
D198.3 .H5
Jenkins, Robert L., ed. The Malcolm X encyclopedia. Westport, CT : Greenwood, 2002.
Reference BP223.Z8.L573 2002
Keddie, Nikki R., ed. Scholars, saints, and Sufis; Muslim religious institutions in the Middle East since 1500. Berkeley : U of California P, 1972.
BP185 .S36
Lippy, Charles H., ed. Twentieth-century shapers of American popular religion. New York : Greenwood, 1989.
Reference BL2525 .T84 1989
Lyons, Malcolm Cameron and D. E. P. Jackson. Saladin : the politics of the holy war. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1982.
DS38.4.S2 L93 1982
McCarthy, Richard Joseph. Freedom and fulfillment : an annotated translation of Al-Ghaz¯al¯i's al-Munqidh min al-Dal¯al and other relevant works of al-Ghaz¯al¯i. Boston : Twayne, 1980.
BP88.G47 E5 1980
Nasr, Seyyed Vali Reza. Mawdudi and the making of Islamic revivalism. New York : Oxford U P, 1996.
BP80.M34 N37 1996
Saad, Elias N. Social history of Timbuktu : the role of Muslim scholars and notables, 1400-1900. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1983.
DT551.9.T55 S18 1983
Salem, Norma. Habib Bourguiba, Islam, and the creation of Tunisia. London : Croom Helm, 1984.
DT264.3.B6 S24 1984
Schmidt, Nathaniel. Ibn Khaldun, historian, sociologist and philosopher. New York : AMS, 1967.
D116.7.I3 S3 1967
Sijist¯an¯i, Muhammad ibn T¯ahir. The Muntakhab Siw¯an al-hikmah of Ab¯u Sulaim¯an as-Sijist¯an¯i : Arabic text, introduction and indices. Ed. D. M. Dunlop. The Hague : Mouton, 1979.
B753.S53 S5 1979
Stowasser, Barbara Freyer. Women in the Qur'an, traditions, and interpretation. New York : Oxford U P, 1994.
BP134.W6 S76 1994
Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. The ulama in contemporary Islam : custodians of change. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 2002.
BP185 .Z36 2002

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History & Primary Sources

Reference Sources | Overviews | Early History | Islam in the West | Modern Islam

These are selected resources - not a comprehensive list, but a starting point for research. Included is a selection of some primary source documents relating to Islamic history. For more help, consult the guide What are Primary Sources?. For more resources, consult the guide section on Biographical Information.
Library of Congress subject heading: Islam history
Related subjects and keywords: Islamic countries - history, Islamic empire - history
Reference Sources

Adamec, Ludwig W. Historical dictionary of Islam. Lanham, MD : Scarecrow, 2001.
Reference BP50 .A33 2001
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The new Islamic dynasties : a chronological and genealogical manual. Enl. and updated ed. New York : Columbia U P, 1996.
Reference DS35.627 .B67 1996
Bowersock, G. W., Peter Brown and Oleg Grabar, eds. Late antiquity : a guide to the postclassical world. Cambridge : Harvard U P, 1999.
Reference DE5 .L29 1999
Hillenbrand, Carole. The crusades : Islamic perspectives. Chicago : Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999.
Reference D157 .H655 1999
Mawsilil¯i, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Lanham, MD : Scarecrow, 1999.
Reference BP60 .M36 1999
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Overviews

Ahmed, Akbar S. Discovering Islam : making sense of Muslim history and society. London : Routledge & K. Paul, 1988.
BP52 .A35 1988
Armstrong, Karen. Islam : a short history. New York : Modern Library, 2000.
BP50 .A69 2000
Arnold, Thomas Walker, Sir. The preaching of Islam; a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith. 2d ed., rev. and enl. [New York : AMS, 1974] London : Constable, 1913.
BP50 .A7 1974
Berkey, Jonathan Porter. The formation of Islam : religion and society in the Near East, 600-1800. New York : Cambridge U P, 2003.
BP63.A35 B47 2003
Bulliet, Richard W. Islam : the view from the edge. New York : Columbia U P, 1994.
BP52 .B85 1994
Constable, Olivia Remie, ed. Medieval Iberia : readings from Christian, Muslim, and Jewish sources. Philadelphia : U of Pennsylvania P, 1997.
DP97.4 .M43 1997
Hiskett, Mervyn. The development of Islam in West Africa. London : Longman, 1984.
BP64.A4 W354 1984
Lane-Poole, Stanley. The Mohammadan dynasties; chronological and genealogical tables with historical introductions. Beirut : Khayats, 1966.
DS223 .L3 1966
Lapidus, Ira M. A history of Islamic societies. 2nd ed. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 2002.
DS35.63 .L37 2002
Lassner, Jacob. The Middle East remembered : forged identities, competing narratives, contested spaces. Ann Arbor : U of Michigan P, 2000.
DS35.65 .L37 2000
Levtzion, Nehemia and Randall L. Pouwels, eds. The History of Islam in Africa. Athens : Ohio U P, 2000.
BP64.A1 H62 2000
Lewis, Bernard. Islam in history : ideas, people, and events in the Middle East. New ed., rev. and expanded. Chicago : Open Court, 1993.
BP52 .L46 1993
Munayyir, Muhammad ‘¯Arif ibn Ahmad. The Hejaz Railway and the Muslim pilgrimage; a case of Ottoman political propaganda Trans. Jacob M. Landau. Detroit : Wayne State U P, 1971.
HE3390.H4 M8 1971
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. Islam : religion, history, and civilization. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 2003.
BP163 .N2813 2003
Nomachi, Kazuyoshi. Mecca, the blessed, Medina, the radiant : the holiest cities of Islam. New York : Aperture, 1997.
DS248.M4 N66 1997 Oversize
Peters, F. E. The Hajj : the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca and the holy places. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1994.
BP187.3 .P475 1994
Pouwels, Randall L. Horn and crescent : cultural change and traditional Islam on the East African coast, 800-1900. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1987.
BP64.A4 E26 1987
Robinson, David. Muslim societies in African history. Cambridge, UK : Cambridge U P, 2004.
BP64 .A1 R63 2004
Robinson, Francis, ed. The Cambridge illustrated history of the Islamic world. New York : Cambridge U P, 1996.
DS35.63 .C35 1996
Ruthven, Malise. Historical atlas of Islam. Cambridge : Harvard U P, 2004.
G1786.S1 R9 2004 Oversize
Schulze, Reinhard. A modern history of the Islamic world. New York : New York U P, 2000.
DS62.8 .S44413 2000
Web Sites
Arab-Islamic history
http://www.al-bab.com/arab/history.htm
Begins with sections devoted to pre-Islamic history of the Arab people, but the bulk of the site is devoted to their history since conversion to Islam. There are a vast number of articles looking at many of the most important periods and events over more than 12 centuries. Perhaps out of modern political sensitivity, coverage from the fall of the Ottomans is generally lacking.
Islam, Empire of Faith [al-Islam, saltanat al-din]
http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/
Companion Web site to PBS television program under the same title, presenting Islamic history from its beginning in 7th century until today. Presents description of faith, politics, culture and innovation, and profiles Prophet Mohammad and other religious personalities. Includes a section on the film as well as educational resources.
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Early History

See also the section below on Muhammad.
Balyuzi, H. M. Muhammad and the course of Islám. Oxford : G. Ronald, 1976.
DS38.3 .B34
Brett, Michael. The rise of the Fatimids : the world of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the fourth century of the Hijra, tenth century CE. Leiden : Brill, 2001.
DT173 .B74 2001
Dunlop, D. M. Arab civilization to A.D. 1500. New York : Praeger, 1971.
DS36.855 .D85 1971b
Gabrieli, Francesco. Muhammad and the conquests of Islam. Trans. Virginia Luling and Rosamund Linell. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1968.
DS236 .G33
Gil, Moshe. A history of Palestine, 634-1099. Trans. Ethel Broido. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1992.
DS124 .G5513 1992
Hillenbrand, Carole. The crusades : Islamic perspectives. Chicago : Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999.
Reference D157 .H655 1999
Ibn Khald¯un. The Muqaddimah : an introduction to history. Trans. Franz Rosenthal. 2d ed., with corrections and augmented bibliography. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1967.
D16.7 .I233 1967 v.1-3
Ibn Khald¯un. An Arab philosophy of history; selections from the Prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis. Trans. Charles Issawi. London : Murray, 1950.
D16.7 .I24
Insoll, Timothy. The archaeology of Islam in sub-Saharan Africa. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 2003.
DT352.3 .I57 2003
Lassner, Jacob. The shaping of ‘Abb¯asid rule. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1980.
DS38.6 .L37
Lewis, Bernard, ed. and trans. Islam : from the Prophet Muhammad to the capture of Constantinople. New York : Oxford U P, 1987.
DS36.855 .I77 1987 v.1
Muir, William, Sir. The Caliphate, its rise, decline, and fall; from original sources. New and rev. ed. by T. H. Weir. Edinburgh : J. Grant, 1915.
DS236 .M9 1915
Sa‘d¯i, ‘Abd al-Rahm¯an ibn ‘Abd All¯ah. Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire : Al-Sa‘di's Ta'r¯ikh al-S¯ud¯an down to 1613, and other contemporary documents. Ed. and trans. John O. Hunwick. Leiden : Brill, 1999.
DT532.2 .S214213 1999
Suy¯ut¯i. History of the caliphs. Trans. H. S. Jarrett. Amsterdam : Oriental, 1970.
DS234 .S883 1970
Wellhausen, Julius. The religio-political factions in early Islam. Ed. R. C. Ostle; Trans. R. C. Ostle and S. M. Walzer. Amsterdam : North-Holland, 1975.
DS38.5 .W4713
Zayd¯an, Jirj¯i. Umayyads and 'Abbásids : being the fourth part of Jurjí Zaydán's History of Islamic Civilization. Trans. D. S. Margoliouth. New Delhi : Kitab Bhavan, 1978.
DS38.5 .Z3813
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Islam in the West

Library of Congress subject headings and keywords: Islam - United States, Muslims - Europe
See also the sections below on Special Topics: Islamic Art, Architecture & Symbolism and Nation of Islam.
Constable, Olivia Remie, ed. Medieval Iberia : readings from Christian, Muslim, and Jewish sources. Philadelphia : U of Pennsylvania P, 1997.
DP97.4 .M43 1997
Curtis, Edward E. Islam in Black America : identity, liberation, and difference in African-American Islamic thought. Albany : State U of New York P, 2002.
BP221 .C87 2002
Fletcher, R. A. Moorish Spain. Berkeley : U of California P, 1993.
DP99 .F56 1993
Gerholm, Tomas and Yngve Georg Lithman, eds. The New Islamic presence in Western Europe. London : Mansell, 1988.
D1056.2.M87 N48 1988
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck and Jane Idleman Smith, eds. Muslim communities in North America. Albany : State U of New York P, 1994.
BP67.U6 M86 1994
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck and Jane Idleman Smith, eds. Muslim minorities in the West : visible and invisible. Walnut Creek, CA : AltaMira, 2002.
D1056.2.M87 M852 2002
Hodgson, Marshall G. S. Rethinking world history : essays on Europe, Islam, and world history. Ed. Edmund Burke, III. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1993.
D21.3 .H63 1993
Norris, H. T. Islam in the Balkans : religion and society between Europe and the Arab world. Columbia, SC : U of South Carolina P, 1993.
DR23 .N67 1993
Sharabi, Hisham. Arab intellectuals and the West: the formative years, 1875-1914. Baltimore : Johns Hopkins P, 1970.
DS36.8 .S5 1970
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Modern Islam

Library of Congress subject headings and keywords: Islam - 20th century, Islamic renewal
See also the section below on Islamic fundamentalism.
Ahmed, Akbar S. Discovering Islam : making sense of Muslim history and society. London : Routledge & K. Paul, 1988.
BP52 .A35 1988
Bat Ye'or. Islam and Dhimmitude : where civilizations collide. Trans. Miriam Kochan and David Littman. Madison, NJ : Fairleigh Dickinson U P, 2002.
DS36.9.D47 B395 2002
Bowen, Donna Lee and Evelyn A. Early, eds. Everyday life in the Muslim Middle East . 2nd ed. Bloomington : Indiana U P, 2002.
DS57 .E94 2002
Ernst, Carl W. Following Muhammad : rethinking Islam in the contemporary world. Chapel Hill : U of North Carolina P, 2003.
BP161.3 .E76 2003
Esposito, John L. and John O. Voll. Makers of contemporary Islam. New York : Oxford U P, 2001.
BP70 .E86 2001
Friend, Theodore. Indonesian destinies. Cambridge : Belknap P of Harvard U P, 2003.
DS644 .F69 2003
Gregorian, Vartan. Islam : a mosaic, not a monolith. Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution, 2003.
DS35.77 .G74 2003
Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck, John Obert Voll, and John L. Esposito. The contemporary Islamic revival : a critical survey and bibliography. New York : Greenwood, 1991.
Reference BP60 .H33 1991
Islam today. [videorecording] Dir. Patrick Jeudy. Princeton, NJ : Films for the Humanities, 1988.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP52 .W676 1988
Keddie, Nikki R., ed. Scholars, saints, and Sufis; Muslim religious institutions in the Middle East since 1500. Berkeley : U of California P, 1972.
BP185 .S36
Kepel, Gilles. Jihad : the trail of political Islam. Trans. Anthony F. Roberts. Cambridge : Harvard University, 2002.
BP173.7 .K453 2002
Kuzman, Charles, ed. Liberal Islam : a source book. New York : Oxford University Press, 1998.
Online
Kuzman, Charles, ed. Modernist Islam, 1840-1940 : a sourcebook. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2002.
BP60 .M55 2002
Majumad¯ara, Suh¯asa. Jih¯ad : the Islamic doctrine of permanent war. New Delhi : Voice of India, 1994.
BP182 .M34 1994
Peters, Ralph. Also known as Indonesia : notes on the Javanese empire. Quantico, VA : Center for Emerging Threats and Opportunities, 2002.
Online
Peters, Rudolph. Islam and colonialism : the doctrine of Jihad in modern history. The Hague : Mouton, 1979.
DS62.4 .P47
Peters, Rudolph. Jihad in classical and modern Islam : a reader. Princeton : Markus Wiener, 1996.
BP182 .P48 1996
Salim, Arskal and Azyumardi Azra, eds. Shari'a and politics in modern Indonesia. Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003.
KNW479 .S53 2003
Sardar, Ziauddin. Islam, postmodernism and other futures : a Ziauddin Sardar reader. Eds. Sohail Inayatullah and Gail Boxwell. London : Pluto, 2003.
BP163 .S354 2003
Zaman, Muhammad Qasim. The ulama in contemporary Islam : custodians of change. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 2002.
BP185 .Z36 2002
Web Sites
Muslim Life in America
http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/muslimlife/homepage.htm
The Office of International Information Programs of the U.S. Department of State presents information on Muslim life in America. The office includes photographs of Muslim family life in the United States, mosques, Muslims at work and in school, and everyday life. The office also offers demographic facts related to Muslims in the United States and related articles.

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Religious Literature & Texts

Qur'an | Islamic Literature & Texts
The holy book of Islam is the Qur’an (also Quran, Koran, Alcoran). Muslims believe that the Qur’an is the word of Allah, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over a 22 year period. The Qur’an consists of 114 suras, or chapters. The suras were recorded by the followers of Muhammad before he died.

Arabic is the language of Islam - the language in which the Qur'an was written or "revealed" by God to Muhammad. "[A]ll Muslims cherish the Arabic language and try to learn at least some quranic and other religious phrases in Arabic."
[Smith, Jonathan Z., ed. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Religion. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.]
Here is a selected list of Islamic religious texts in English, including interpretive resources. See also the sections on History Resources & Primary Sources and Liturgy & Music.
Library of Congress subject heading: Islamic literature
Related subjects and keywords: Arabic literature, hadith, Islamic sermons, Koran, Muslim authors, Sufi literature
Qur'an [Koran]

Library of Congress subject heading: Koran.
Related subjects and keywords: Islamic law, women in the Koran
al-Qur'¯an : a contemporary translation. Trans. Ahmed Ali. rev. definitive ed. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1990, c1984.
Reference BP109 .A4 1990
Burton, John. The collection of the Qur'¯an. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1977.
BP131 .B87
Kassis, Hanna E. A concordance of the Qur'an. Berkeley : U of California P, 1983.
Reference BP133 .K37 1983
The Koran interpreted : a translation. Trans. Arthur J. Arberry. New York : Macmillan, 1955.
Reference BP109 .A7 1955
McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, ed. Encyclopaedia of the Qur'¯an. Leiden : Brill, 2001-.
Reference BP133 .E65 2001 v.1-3
Mir, Mustansir. Dictionary of Qur'¯anic terms and concepts. New York : Garland, 1987.
Reference BP133 .M57 1987
Sa‘¯id, Lab¯ib. The recited Koran : a history of the first recorded version. Trans. Bernard Weiss, M. A. Rauf, and Morroe Berger. Princeton, NJ : Darwin, 1975.
BP131.6 .S313 1975
Singh, N.K. and A. R. Agwan, eds. Encyclopaedia of the Holy Qur'ân. Delhi : Global Vision, 2000.
Reference BP133 .E63 2000 v. 1-5
Stowasser, Barbara Freyer. Women in the Qur'an, traditions, and interpretation. New York : Oxford U P, 1994.
BP134.W6 S76 1994
Wadud, Amina. Qur'an and woman : rereading the sacred text from a woman's perspective. 2nd ed. New York : Oxford U P, 1999.
BP134.W6 W28 1999
Watt, W. Montgomery. Companion to the Qur¯an, based on the Arberry translation. London : Allen & Unwin, 1967.
BP130.4 .W34
Web Sites
Al-Quran.org.uk: Quranic Browser Engine and Resources
http://www.al-quran.org.uk/
Many Muslims hold the Holy Qur'an to be untranslatable from the original Arabic; however, this view has not stopped many from undertaking the effort. This Web site provides the ability to search, by passage lookup or word search, the Qur'an in three English translations, transliterated Arabic, and Arabic script.
The Koran
http://www.hti.umich.edu/k/koran/
From the University of Michigan, Humanities Text Initiative. "This is an electronic version of The Holy Quran, translated by M.H. Shakir and published by Tahrike Tarsile Quran, Inc., in 1983. The text was provided by the Online Book Initiative and subsequently marked up at the HTI in SGML."
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Islamic Literature & Texts

Early Islamic Literature
Hadith are works on the oral traditions concerning the deeds and sayings of Muhammad, the prophet, and for Shiites, also of the Imans, or religious leaders. In Arabic, hadith means "news" or "story".
Arberry, A. J. Aspects of Islamic civilization, as depicted in the original texts. New York : A. S. Barnes, 1964.
BP89 .A7 1964b
Avicenna. Avicenna on theology. Arthur J. Arberry. Westport, CT : Hyperion, 1979.
BP166 .A92 1979
Beeston, A. F .L., et al., eds. Arabic literature to the end of the Umayyad period. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1983.
PJ7510 .A8 1983
Brann, Ross. Power in the portrayal : representations of Jews and Muslims in eleventh- and twelfth-century Islamic Spain. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 2002.
DP52 .B73 2002
Brown, Daniel W. Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1996.
BP136.4 .B76 1996
Ghazz¯al¯i, Abû Hamid Muhammad. The alchemy of happiness. Trans. Claud Field. Armonk, NY : M. E. Sharpe, 1991.
B753.G33 K413 1991
Guillaume, Alfred. The traditions of Islam. New York : Books for Libraries, 1980.
BP135 .G8 1980
Ibn al-Nad¯im, Muhammad ibn Ish¯aq. The Fihrist of al-Nad¯im; a tenth-century survey of Muslim culture. Ed. and trans. Bayard Dodge. New York : Columbia U P, 1970.
PJ7750.I213 F5 v.1-2
Juynboll, G. H. A. Muslim tradition : studies in chronology, provenance, and authorship of early had¯ith. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1983.
BP136 .J89 1983
Kayk¯av¯us ibn Iskandar ibn Q¯ab¯us, ‘Unsur al-Ma‘¯al¯i. The book of advice. King Kay K¯a'us ibn Iskander ; the earliest Old Ottoman Turkish version of his K¯ab¯usn¯ame ; text in fascimile [sic] from the unique 14th century manuscript, together with a study of the text and a select vocabulary by Eleazar Birnbaum. [S.l. : s.n.], 1981 ([Cambridge, MA.] : Harvard University Printing Office).
BJ1678.P3 K318 1981
Kis¯a'¯i, Muhammad ibn ‘Abd All¯ah. The tales of the prophets of al-Kis¯a¯i. Trans. W. M. Thackston, Jr. Boston : Twayne, 1978.
BP137 .K5213
Nawaw¯i. Gardens of the righteous : Riyadh as-Salihin of Imam Nawawi. Trans. Muhammad Zafrulla Khan. London : Curzon, 1975, c1974.
BP135.A2 N363 1975
Renard, John, ed. Windows on the house of Islam : Muslim sources on spirituality and religious life. Berkeley : U of California P, 1998.
BP161.2 .W57 1998
Schimmel, Annemarie. And Muhammad is his messenger : the veneration of the Prophet in Islamic piety. Chapel Hill : U of North Carolina P, 1985.
PJ827 .S3313 1985
Sijist¯an¯i, Muhammad ibn T¯ahir. The Muntakhab Siw¯an al-hikmah of Ab¯u Sulaim¯an as-Sijist¯an¯i : Arabic text, introduction and indices. Ed. D. M. Dunlop. The Hague : Mouton, 1979.
B753.S53 S5 1979
Textual sources for the study of Islam. Ed. and trans. Andrew Rippin and Jan Knappert. Totowa, NJ : Barnes & Noble, 1987, c1986.
BP161.2 .T43 1987
Web Site
Sunnah and Hadith
http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/
Along with the Qur'an, Sunnah and Hadith are the primary sources of Muslim law and practice. The Sunnah refers to the way in which Muhammad led his life and the Hadith collects anecdotes about that life. This Web site contains links to various collections of the Hadith, their history and the methods used to ascertain their veracity, as well as a link to articles on the Sunnah.
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Selected Works
Allana, G., ed. A rosary of Islamic readings, 7th to 20th century. Karachi : National, 1973.
BP87.5 .A44
Anthology of Islamic literature, from the rise of Islam to modern times. Ed. James Kritzeck. New York : Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1964.
PJ7694.E1 A58 1964
Antoun, Richard T. Muslim preacher in the modern world : a Jordanian case study in comparative perspective. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1989.
BP184.25 .A5 1989
Brown, Daniel W. Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1996.
BP136.4 .B76 1996
Erickson, John D. Islam and postcolonial narrative. Cambridge : Cambridge U P, 1998.
BP89 .E75 1998
Khalidi, Tarif, ed. and trans. The Muslim Jesus : sayings and stories in Islamic literature. Cambridge : Harvard U P, 2001.
BP172 .K495 2001
Krishna Chaitanya. A history of Arabic literature. New Delhi : Manohar, 1983.
PJ7538 .K67 1983
Lewisohn, Leonard, ed. The heritage of Sufism. Oxford : Oneworld, 1999.
BP189 .H47 1999 v. 1-3
Peters, F. E., ed. A Reader on classical Islam. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1994.
BP161.2 .R43 1994
Renard, John. Seven doors to Islam : spirituality and the religious life of Muslims. Berkeley : U of California P, 1996.
BP161.2 .R47 1996
Ullah, Najib. Islamic literature; an introductory history with selections. New York : Washington Square, 1963.
PJ807 .N3 1963

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Liturgy and Music

Library of Congress subject heading: Islamic music
Related subjects and keywords: Koran recitation, music-religious aspects-Islam, Qaww¯al¯i, sufi music
Ab¯u Mur¯ad, Nid¯a'. A concert in the Nahda style. [sound recording] Beirut, Lebanon : Byblos Records : Mozart Chahine, p2002.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 05926
Galata Mevlevileri. The Semâ ceremony = Semâ Töreni. [videorecording] Istanbul : Beyza, [2002?].
Wilson 2W-Video COLL (DVD) M2188.S8 S46 2002
Summary: Mevlevis, followers of Mevlana Jalal ad-din Rumi, perform a Sufi ritual, which includes dancing or whirling, oral recitation, singing, chanting and instrumental music.
Inayat Khan, Hazrat. The mysticism of sound and music. rev. ed. Boston : Shambhala, 1996, c1991.
Music - Book ML3800 .I53 1996
Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali, Performer. Nusrat! : live at Meany : a concert of Qawwali. [videorecording] University of Washington Ethnomusicology Program production. Seattle, WA. : Arab Film Distribution, 1996.
Music - Video Video ARAB FILM Nusrat!
Summary: Recital of chiefly Islamic devotional music for vocal soloist accompanied by vocal and instrumental ensemble.
Khan, Nusrat Fateh Ali, Performer. Pakistan. [sound recording] Paris : Ocora Radio France ; [France] : Harmonia Mundi distribution, p1997.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 03195 v.2
Lalezar (Musical group), Performer. Music of the sultans, sufis & seraglio, volume IV : Ottoman suite. [sound recording] New York : Traditional Crossroads, p2001.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 05930
Morocco I : [the music of Islam and Sufism]. [sound recording] Kassel : Bärenreiter Musicaphon, [197-?].
Music - Record Record BÄREN. MUS. BM 30 SL 2027
Moroccan music; the Pan-Islamic tradition. [Sound recording] Lyrichord LLST 7240. [196-?].
Music - Record Record LYRICHORD LLST 7240
The music of Isl¯am. [sound recording] Tucson, AZ: Celestial Harmonies, p1997-1998.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 06204 v. 1-15
Necdet Yasar Ensemble, Performer. Music of Turkey. [sound recording] Chapel Hill, NC : Music of the World, p1992.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 05927
L'orient de l'occident : flamenco & musique soufi ottomane : hommage à Ibn Aribi, sufi de Andalucia [sound recording] Imaginé par Kudsi Erguner. [France] : Al sur, p1994.
Music Compact Disc Compact Disc 05256
Qureshi, Regula. Sufi music of India and Pakistan : sound, context, and meaning in Qawwali. Chicago : U of Chicago P, 1995.
Music ML3197 .Q74 1995 [book and CD]
Renard, John. Seven doors to Islam : spirituality and the religious life of Muslims. Berkeley : U of California P, 1996.
BP161.2 .R47 1996
Rumi: the wings of love. [videorecording] Dir. Shems Friedlander. New York : Parabola Video, c2002, c2001.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP189.7.M42 R85 2002
Sacred trances of Java and Bali. [videorecording] Cos Cob, CT : Hartley Film Foundation, [198-?].
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BL2120.J3 S2 1980
El sebou' = Egyptian birth ritual. [videorecording] Dir. Fadwa El Guindi. Los Angeles : El Nil Research, 1986.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) GT2465.E3 S4 1986
Shiloah, Amnon. Music in the world of Islam : a socio-cultural study. Detroit : Wayne State U P, 1995.
ML348 .S56 1995
Songs and rhythms of Morocco. [sound recording] New York : Lyrichord, [1972?].
Music - Record Record LYRICHORD LLST 7336
Talu, R. Hakan. Ask ile-- : Türk dinî musiki formlari = With love-- : compositional genres of Turkish liturgical music. Istanbul : Pan Yayincilik, 2002.
Music - Book ML345.T8 T3 2002
Music - Book CD ML345.T8 T3 2002 compact disc (2 discs)
Touma, Habib. The music of the Arabs. Trans. Laurie Schwartz. new expanded ed. Portland, OR : Amadeus, 1996.
Music - Book ML348 .T6913 1996
Wellesz, Egon. Ancient and oriental music. London : Oxford U P, 1957.
Music Reference ML160 .N44 v.1
Yoruba ritual : a companion video. [videorecording] Margaret Thompson Drewal. [S.l.] : M. Drewal ; Bloomington : Distributed by Indiana U P, 1992.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) DT515.45.Y67 Y67 1992

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Major Islamic Sects

Sunni | Shiah | Sufism | Islamic Fundamentalism | Other Islamic Groups
"Islam is a global religion. The vast majority of Muslims around the world (about 85 percent) identify themselves as 'Sunni'. A significant minority identify themselves as 'Shii' or 'Shiites'."
Smith, Jonathan Z., ed. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Religion. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.
Search the following Library of Congress subject headings for information about a variety of Islamic sects: Assassins (Ismailites), Bektashi, Druzes, Ismailites, Kharijites, Muridiyah, Wahhabiyah.
Sunni

General Works | Sunni Schools of Legal Interpretation
Sunni, one of two major branches of Islam, comprises an 85 percent majority of Muslims. Sunnis " follow one of the four accepted schools of legal interpretation: Malikite (Africa); Hanafite (Egypt, Turkey, Central Asia); Hanbalite (Arabia, Gulf Arab States); and Shafiite (Middle East, Southeast Asia)." Sunni Muslims are "those who follow the model example or normative practice (Sunna) of the Prophet. [They consider themselves] the people of the sunna and the community of the Prophet....[R]eligious and political authority rested in the community, guided by Islamic law and the consensus of its scholars or leaders (ulama)."
Smith, Jonathan Z., ed. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Religion. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.
General Works
Peters, F. E., ed. A Reader on classical Islam. Princeton : Princeton U P, 1994.
BP161.2 .R43 1994

Sunni Schools of Legal Interpretation
Malikite (Africa)
Islam in sub-Saharan Africa : a partially annotated guide. Comp. Samir M. Zoghby, African Section. Washington : Library of Congress : for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1978.
Reference BP64.A1 Z6
Sa‘d¯i, ‘Abd al-Rahm¯an ibn ‘Abd All¯ah. Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire : Al-Sa‘di's Ta'r¯ikh al-S¯ud¯an down to 1613, and other contemporary documents. Ed. and trans. John O. Hunwick. Leiden : Brill, 1999.
DT532.2 .S214213 1999
Hanbalite (Arabia, Gulf Arab States)
Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad ibn Muhammad. Chapters on marriage and divorce : responses of Ibn Hanbal and Ibn R¯ahwayh. Trans. Susan A. Spectorsky. Austin : University of Texas Press, 1993.
KBL I26
Hanafite (Egypt, Turkey, Central Asia)
Gerber, Haim. State, society, and law in Islam : Ottoman law in comparative perspective. Albany : State U of New York P, 1994.
Online
Saktanber, Ayse. Living Islam : women, religion and the politicization of culture in Turkey. London : I. B. Tauris, 2002.
HQ1170 .S188 2002
Shafiite (Middle East, Southeast Asia)
Hooker, Virginia and Norani Othman, eds. Malaysia : Islam, society and politics. Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003.
BP63.M27 M37 2003
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Shiah

Biography & History | Customs & Practices
Shiah, one of two major branches of Islam, comprises a 15 percent minority of Muslims. "Although both Sunni and Shii Muslims practice their religion in nearly identical ways, their worldviews differ somewhat owing to conflicts that occurred during the first generation after Muhammad's death and about which there are significant differences of interpretation.... The Shiis believe that "religiopolitical authority [is] vested in its Imans [religiously inspired leaders]....", beginning with ‘Al¯i ibn Ab¯i T¯alib, the Iman Ali, who was Muhammad's brother. Well-known groups of Shii Muslims, or Shiites, are found in Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan and other Middle Eastern countries.
Smith, Jonathan Z., ed. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Religion. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.
Library of Congress subject heading: Shiah
Related subjects and keywords: shiites, imans (shiites), ismailites
BIOGRAPHY & HISTORY
Ajami, Fouad. The vanished Imam : Musa al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon. Ithaca : Cornell U P, 1986.
BP192.7.L4 A38 1986
Chirri, Mohamad Jawad. The brother of the prophet Mohammad (the Imam Ali) : a reconstruction of Islamic history and an extensive research of the Shi-ite Islamic school of thought. Detroit, MI : Islamic Center of Detroit, 1979-.
BP193.1.A3 C46 v.1
Cole, Juan Ricardo. Roots of North Indian Sh¯i‘ism in Iran and Iraq : religion and state in Awadh, 1722-1859. Berkeley : U of California P, 1988.
BP192.7.I4 C64 1988
Far¯ah¯an¯i, Muhammad Husayn Husayni. A Shi‘ite pilgrimage to Mecca, (1885-1886) : the Safarnâmeh of Mirzâ Mohammad Hosayn Farâhâni. Ed. and trans. Hafez Farmayan and Elton L. Daniel. Austin : U of Texas P, 1990.
DS49 .F313 1990
Fischer, Michael M., Jr., and Mehdi Abedi. Debating Muslims : cultural dialogues in postmodernity and tradition. Madison : U of Wisconsin P, 1990.
BP192.7.I68 F56 1990
Jafri, Husain M. Origins and early development of Shi'a Islam. London : Longman, 1979.
BP192.4 .J33
Kramer, Martin, ed. Shi‘ism, resistance, and revolution. Boulder, CO : Westview, 1987.
BP192.7.N33 S55 1987
Momen, Moojan. An introduction to Shi'i Islam : the history and doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism. Oxford : G. Ronald, 1985.
BP193.5 .M66 1985b
Munson, Henry. Islam and revolution in the Middle East. New Haven : Yale U P, 1988.
BP63.A4 N426 1988
M¯usav¯i L¯ar¯i, Mujtabá. The Seal of the Prophets and his message. Trans. Hamid Algar. Potomac, MD : Islamic Education Center, 1989.
BP166.5 .M87 1989
Norton, Augustus R. Amal and the Shi‘a : struggle for the soul of Lebanon. Austin : U of Texas P, 1987.
DS80.5 .N67 1987
Shams al-D¯in, Muhammad Mahd¯i. The rising of al-Husayn : its impact on the consciousness of Muslim society. Trans. I. K. A. Howard. London : Muhammadi Trust, 1985.
BP193.13 .S5413 1985
Wellhausen, Julius. The religio-political factions in early Islam. Ed. R. C. Ostle; Trans. R. C. Ostle and S. M. Walzer. Amsterdam : North-Holland, 1975.
DS38.5 .W4713
Iran
NEW! Abdo, Geneive and Jonathan Lyons. Answering only to God : faith and freedom in twenty-first-century Iran. New York : Henry Holt, 2003.
DS318.9 .A23 2003
Afshar, Haleh. Islam and feminisms : an Iranian case-study. New York : St. Martin's, 1998.
HQ1735.2 .A7 1998
Bayat, Mangol. Mysticism and dissent : socioreligious thought in Qajar Iran. Syracuse, NY : Syracuse U P, 1982.
BP192.7.I68 B39 1982
Fischer, Michael M. J. Iran : from religious dispute to revolution. Cambridge : Harvard U P, 1980.
BP192.7.I68 F57
Khomeini, Ruhollah. Islam and revolution : writings and declarations of Imam Khomeini. Trans. Hamid Algar. Berkeley : Mizan, 1981.
DS318 .K427
Keddie, Nikki R., ed. Religion and politics in Iran : Shi‘ism from quietism to revolution. New Haven : Yale U P, 1983.
BP192.7.I68 R44 1983
Menashri, David, ed. The Iranian revolution and the Muslim world. Boulder : Westview, 1990.
DS63.2.I68 I73 1990
Mottahedeh, Roy. The mantle of the prophet : religion and politics in Iran. New York : Pantheon, [1986], c1985.
BP192.7.I68 M67 1986
M¯usav¯i L¯ar¯i, Mujtabá. God and his attributes. Trans. Hamid Algar. Potomac, MD : Islamic Education Center, 1989.
BP194 .M87 1989
M¯usav¯i L¯ar¯i, Mujtabá. Imamate and leadership. Trans. Hamid Algar. Qom, Iran : Foundation of Islamic Cultural Propagation in the World, 1996.
BP166.94 .M87 1996
Riesebrodt, Martin. Pious passion : the emergence of modern fundamentalism in the United States and Iran. Trans. Don Reneau. Berkeley : U of California P, 1993.
BT82.2 .R5413 1993
Online version
Iraq
Litvak, Meir. Shi‘i scholars of nineteenth-century Iraq : the ‘ulama' of Najaf and Karbala 'Karbala'. New York : Cambridge U P, 1998.
BP192.7.I7 L58 1998
Nakash, Yitzhak. The Shi‘is of Iraq. Princeton, NJ : Princeton U P, 1994.
DS70.8.S55 N35 1994
Wiley, Joyce N. The Islamic movement of Iraqi Shi'as. Boulder, CO : Lynne Rienner, 1992.
BP192.7.I7 W55 1992

CUSTOMS & PRACTICES
Arjomand, Said Amir, ed. Authority and political culture in Shi'ism. Albany : State U of New York P, 1988.
BP194.9.G68 A94 1988
Afshar, Haleh. Islam and feminisms : an Iranian case-study. New York : St. Martin's, 1998.
HQ1735.2 .A7 1998
Donaldson, Dwight M. The Shi'ite religion. New York : AMS, 1984.
BP193.5 .D66 1984
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba. Islam and gender : the religious debate in contemporary Iran. Princeton : Princeton U P, 1999.
HQ1735.2 .M55 1999
Momen, Moojan. An introduction to Shi'i Islam : the history and doctrines of Twelver Shi'ism. Oxford : G. Ronald, 1985.
BP193.5 .M66 1985b
Mozaffari, Mehdi. Fatwa : violence and discourtesy. Aarhus, Denmark : Aarhus U P, 1998.
KBL0 .M69 1998
M¯usav¯i L¯ar¯i, Mujtabá. The Seal of the Prophets and his message. Trans. Hamid Algar. Potomac, MD : Islamic Education Center, 1989.
BP166.5 .M87 1989
Richard, Yann. Shi‘ite Islam : polity, ideology, and creed. Trans. Antonia Nevill. Oxford : Blackwell, 1995.
BP193.5 .R5313 1995
Sah¯ifah al-k¯amilah. The Psalms of Islam. Trans. William C. Chittick. Qum, Iran : Ansariyan, [1988?].
BP194.3 .S2313 1988bx
Shams al-D¯in, Muhammad Mahd¯i. The rising of al-Husayn : its impact on the consciousness of Muslim society. Trans. I. K. A. Howard. London : Muhammadi Trust, 1985.
BP193.13 .S5413 1985
Stewart, Devin J. Islamic legal orthodoxy : Twelver Shiite responses to the Sunni legal system. Salt Lake City : U of Utah P, 1998.
Online access

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Sufism

Sufism, a third important sect of Islam, originated in the early eighth century. A Sufi is an Islamic mystic. "The Sufi movement is based on intensive devotion to Muhammad and the Qur'an. Through master-disciple relationships, Sufi orders have played important roles in the political, cultural, and religious histories of Islamic countries."
Smith, Jonathan Z., ed. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Religion. San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.
Library of Congress subject heading: Sufism
Related subjects and keywords: dervishes, Jalal Al Din Rumi Maulana 1207-1273, Mevleviyeh, Muslim saints, Sufis
Arasteh, A. Reza. Rumi the Persian: rebirth in creativity and love. Lahore, Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, 1965.
BP189.7.M42 C42
‘Att¯ar, Far¯id al-D¯in. The conference of the birds = Mantiq Ut-tair : a philosophical religious poem in prose. Trans. C. S. Nott, from [French] Garcin de Tassay. Boulder, CO : Shambhala, 1954.
PK6451.F4 M2813
Friedlander, Ira. The whirling dervishes : being an account of the Sufi order, known as the Mevlevis, and its founder, the poet and mystic, Mevlana Jalalu'ddin Rumi. New York : Macmillan, 1975.
BP189.7.M42 F74
Jal¯al al-D¯in R¯um¯i, Maulana. The essential Rumi. Trans. Coleman Barks, with John Moyne, A. A. Arberry, Reynold Nicholson. San Francisco, CA : Harper, 1995.
PK6480.E5 B37 1995
Jal¯al al-D¯in R¯um¯i, Maulana. Feeling the shoulder of the lion : selected poetry and teaching stories from the Mathnawi. Trans. Coleman Barks. Putney, VT : Threshold, 1991.
PK6481.M8 E52 1991
Jal¯al al-D¯in R¯um¯i, Maulana. Mystical poems of R¯um¯i : second selection, poems 201-400. Trans. A. J. Arberry. Boulder, CO : Westview, 1979.
PK6480.E5 A72
Jal¯al al-D¯in R¯um¯i, Maulana. Unseen rain : quatrains of Rumi. Trans. John Moyne and Coleman Barks. Putney, VT : Threshold, 1986.
PK6481.D6 E5 1986
Keddie, Nikki R., ed. Scholars, saints, and Sufis; Muslim religious institutions in the Middle East since 1500. Berkeley : U of California P, 1972.
BP185 .S36
Lewisohn, Leonard, ed. The heritage of Sufism. Oxford : Oneworld, 1999.
BP189 .H47 1999 v. 1-3
Mañjhana. Madhum¯alat¯i : an Indian Sufi romance. Trans. Aditya Behl and Simon Weightman, with Shyam Manohar Pandey. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2000.
PK2095.M36 M2313 2000
Roberts, Allen F. and Mary Nooter Roberts. A saint in the city : Sufi arts of urban Senegal. Los Angeles : UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History, 2003.
BP195.M66 R66 2003
Rumi: the wings of love. [videorecording] Dir. Shems Friedlander. New York : Parabola Video, c2002, c2001.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP189.7.M42 R85 2002
Vitray-Meyerovitch, Eva de. Rûmî and Sufism. Trans. Simone Fattal. Sausalito, CA : Post-Apollo, 1987.
BP189.7.M4 V5713 1987
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Islamic Fundamentalism

Subject heading: Islamic fundamentalism
Related subjects: Islam - 20th century, Islam and politics, Taliban, terrorism - religious aspects - Islam, Wahhabiyah
See also Wahhabiyah below.
"Islamic fundamentalism of today is part of an Islamic revival that has been going on for more than a century. Both political and religious thinkers found the economic, political, and social backwardness of Muslim countries unacceptable and blamed the colonial powers for these shortcomings. Their solution was an Islamic revival that would make the Koran the basis of all human conduct." Some of the groups are the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, the Palestinian Hamas, and Ayatollah Khomeini's followers in Iran. [Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups, 2004]
NEW! Abu-Amr, Ziad. Islamic fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza : Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad. Bloomington : Indiana U P, 1994.
BP63.P32 W47413 1994
Achcar, Gilbert. Eastern cauldron : Islam, Afghanistan, Palestine and Iraq in a Marxist mirror. New York : Monthly Review, 2004.
DS63.2.U5 A625 2004
NEW! Alexander, Yonah. Palestinian religious terrorism : Hamas and Islamic Jihad. Ardsley, NY : Transnational, 2002.
Reference JQ1830.A98 H373 2002
Ali, Tariq. The clash of fundamentalisms : crusades, jihads and modernity. London : Verso, 2002.
BP163 .A623 2002
‘Azmah, ‘Az¯iz. Islams and modernities. 2nd ed. London : Verso, 1996.
BP163 .A95 1996
Behind the veil : Afghan women under fundamentalism. [videorecording] Dir. Ricardo Lobo. Princeton, NJ : Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2001.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) HQ1735.6 .B44 2001
Benjamin, Daniel and Steven Simon. The age of sacred terror. New York : Random House, 2002.
HV6431 .B456 2002
Davidson, Lawrence. Islamic fundamentalism. Westport, CT : Greenwood, 1998.
BP60 .D38 1998
Gohari, M. J. The Taliban : ascent to power. Karachi : Oxford U P, 2000.
DS371.2 .G64 2000
Griffin, Michael. Reaping the whirlwind : the Taliban movement in Afghanistan. London : Pluto, 2001.
DS371.2 .G74 2001b
Hurley, Jennifer A., ed. Islam : opposing viewpoints. San Diego : Greenhaven, 2001.
BP163 .I7327 2001
Isaacson, Jason F. and Colin Rubenstein, eds. Islam in Asia : changing political realities. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction, 2002.
BP63.A38 I85 2002
Jihad al-Asghar = the lesser jihad. [videorecording] Chandler, AZ : Alpha Omega, 2002.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP182 J54 2002
Lawrence, Bruce B. Defenders of God : the fundamentalist revolt against the modern age. San Francisco : Harper & Row, 1989.
BL238 .L38 1989
Lewis, Bernard. The crisis of Islam : holy war and unholy terror. New York : Modern Library, 2003.
BP182 .L48 2003
Mawsilil¯i, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Lanham, MD : Scarecrow, 1999.
Reference BP60 .M36 1999
Mawsilil¯i, Ahmad. Radical Islamic fundamentalism : the ideological and political discourse of Sayyid Qutb. Beirut : American U of Beirut, 1992.
BP80.Q86 M68 1992
Ojeda, Auriana, ed. Islamic fundamentalism. Farmington Hills, MI : Greenhaven, 2003.
BP163 .I776 2003
Part of the "At Issue" series.
Piscatori, James, ed. lslamic fundamentalisms and the Gulf crisis. Chicago : Fundamentalism Project, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1991.
BP60 .I8254 1991
Rahman, Fazlur. Revival and reform in Islam : a study of Islamic fundamentalism. Ed. Ebrahim Moosa. Oxford : Oneworld, 2000.
BP60 .R34 2000
Rashid, Ahmed. Taliban : militant Islam, oil and fundamentalism in Central Asia. New Haven : Yale Nota Bene, Yale U P, 2001.
DS371.2 .R367 2001
Riesebrodt, Martin. Pious passion : the emergence of modern fundamentalism in the United States and Iran. Trans. Don Reneau. Berkeley : U of California P, 1993.
BT82.2 .R5413 1993
Online version
Spencer, William. Islamic fundamentalism in the modern world. Brookfield, CT : Millbrook, 1995.
BP60 .S64 1995
NEW! Sullivan, Denis J. and Sana Abed-Kotob. Islam in contemporary Egypt : civil society vs. the state. Boulder, CO : L. Rienner, 1999.
BP64.E3 S85 1999
Tibi, Bassam. The challenge of fundamentalism : political Islam and the new world disorder. Berkeley : U of California P, 1998.
Online
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Other Islamic Groups

Druzes | Ismailites | Nation Of Islam | Wahhabiyah | Other Sects
Druzes
Subject heading: Druzes
Arabic and Druse music. [sound recording] New York : Folkways Records, 1961.
Music - Record Record FOLKWAYS FE 4480
Firro, Kais M. A history of the Druzes. Leiden : E. J. Brill, 1992.
DS59.D78 F57 1992
Friendly, Alfred. Israel's oriental immigrants and Druzes. London : Minority Rights Group, 1972.
DS113.8.S4 F74 Oversize
Hitti, Philip Khuri. The origins of the Druze people and religion, with extracts from their sacred writings. New York : Columbia U P, 1928.
Mak¯arim, S¯am¯i Nas¯ib. The Druze faith. Delmar, NY : Caravan, 1974.
BL1695 .M33 1974
Stendel, Ori. The minorities in Israel; trends in the development of the Arab and Druze communities 1948-1973. Jerusalem : Israel Economist, 1973.
DS113.7 .S67
Wasserstein, David. The Druzes and Circassians of Israel. London : Anglo-Israel Association, 1976.
DS126.5 .A746 no.55

Ismailites
Subject heading: Assassins (Ismailites).
See also Ismailites, Fatimites.
Bierman, Irene A. Writing signs : the Fatimid public text. Berkeley : U of California P, 1998.
Online
Brett, Michael. The rise of the Fatimids : the world of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the fourth century of the Hijra, tenth century CE. Leiden : Brill, 2001.
DT173 .B74 2001
Franzius, Enno. History of the order of Assassins. New York : Funk & Wagnalls, 1969.
BP195.A8 F7
Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Freiherr von. The history of the assassins, derived from Oriental sources. Trans. Oswald Charles Wood. New York : B. Franklin, 1968.
DS236 .H22 1968
Lewis, Bernard. The Assassins: a radical sect in Islam. New York : Basic, 1968.
BP195.A8 L4 1968
Mak¯arim, S¯am¯i Nas¯ib. The doctrine of the Ismailis. Beirut : Arab Institute for Research, 1972.
BP195.I8 M33

Nation of Islam
Subject heading: black Muslims
The Nation of Islam, also called American Muslim Mission, or World Community of Al-Islam In The West, or Black Muslim Movement, is a religious and cultural community that evolved in the 20th century in the United States out of various quasi-religious black nationalist organizations. Followers are commonly referred to as Black Muslims.
Curtis, Edward E. Islam in Black America : identity, liberation, and difference in African-American Islamic thought. Albany : State U of New York P, 2002.
BP221 .C87 2002
Dannin, Robert. Black pilgrimage to Islam. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2002.
BP67.U6 D34 2002
Doctrinal dimension, Islam. [videorecording] Dir. Jon M. Tullos. New York : Insight Media, 1999.
Wilson 2W - Video COLL (VHS) BP50 .D6 1999
Elijah Muhammad. Message to the blackman in America. Chicago : Muhammad Mosque of Islam No. 2, 1965.
BP222 .P6
FBI file on Elijah Muhammad. [microform] [Wilmington, DE] : Scholarly Resources, [1995?].
Wilson 2W - Microfilm BP223.Z8 E454 1995 v. 1-3 and guide
FBI file on Malcolm X. [microform] Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, [1995?].
Wilson 2W - Microfilm E185.97.L5 F335 1995 v. 1-10 and guide
Gardell, Mattias. In the name of Elijah Muhammad : Louis Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam. Durham, NC : Duke U P, 1996.
BP221 .G37 1996
Jenkins, Robert L., ed. The Malcolm X encyclopedia. Westport, CT : Greenwood, 2002.
Reference BP223.Z8.L573 2002
Lee, Martha F. The Nation of Islam : an American millenarian movement. Syracuse, NY : Syracuse U P, 1996.
BP221 .L44 1996
Magida, Arthur J. Prophet of rage : a life of Louis Farrakhan and his nation. New York : BasicBooks, 1996.
BP223.Z8 F3846 1996
Marsh, Clifton E. From black Muslims to Muslims : the transition from separatism to Islam, 1930-1980. Metuchen, NJ : Scarecrow, 1984.
BP221 .M37 1984
Marshall, A. Louis Farrakhan : made in America. [United States] : BSB Publishing, 1996.
BP223.Z8 F385 1996
White, Vibert L., Jr. Inside the Nation of Islam : a historical and personal testimony by a Black Muslim. Gainesville, FL : U P of Florida, 2001.
BP221.A1 W47 2001

Wahhabiyah (Saudi Arabia)
Subject heading: Wahhabiyah
See also Islamic Fundamentalism above.
"Wahhabism is the most extreme form of Islamic fundamentalism prevalent in the Middle East. The inspiration and the theology for this movement came from the writings of Ibn Abdul Wahhab (1703-1792), a religious leader from the Najd area of present-day Saudi Arabia." [Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups, 2004]
Algar, Hamid. Wahhabism : a critical essay. Oneonta, NY : Islamic Publications International, 2002.
BP195.W2 A426 2002
DeLong-Bas, Natana J. Wahhabi Islam : from revival and reform to global Jihad. Oxford : Oxford U P, 2004.
BP195.W2 D45 2004
Gold, Dore. Hatred's kingdom : how Saudi Arabia supports the new global terrorism. Washington, DC : Regnery, 2003.
DS242 .G65 2003
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security. Terrorism : growing Wahhabi influence in the United States : hearing before the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, June 26, 2003. Washington : U.S. G. P. O., 2004.
Y 4.J 89/2:S.HRG.108-267

Other Sects
Bektashi
Trix, Frances. Spiritual discourse: learning with an Islamic master. Philadelphia : U of Pennsylvania P, 1993.
BP189.7.B4 T75 1993
Kharijites
Wellhausen, Julius. The religio-political factions in early Islam. Ed. R. C. Ostle; Trans. R. C. Ostle and S. M. Walzer. Amsterdam : North-Holland, 1975.
DS38.5 .W4713
Muridiyah
Cruise O'Brien, Donal B. The Mourides of Senegal: the political and economic organization of an Islamic brotherhood. Oxford : Clarendon, 1971.
DT549.42 .C76
Roberts, Allen F. and Mary Nooter Roberts. A saint in the city : Sufi arts of urban Senegal. Los Angeles : UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History, 2003.
BP195.M66 R66 2003